Submit your model and get – Feedb ack f rom experts – If your model gets an ‘A ‘ grade you can get . by The Frisky November 4, 2018. by The Frisky November 4, 2018. image source: dovecomputers.com. Submit your model and get – Feedb ack f rom experts – If your model gets an ‘A ‘ grade you can get . In fact, reporting models are often used to create actual versus budget reports, which often include forecasts and rolling forecasts, which in turn are driven by assumptions and other drivers. Financial modeling is an art. Financial modeling is the task of building an abstract representation (a model) of a real world financial situation. Listed below are financial modeling examples categorized as commonly used or basic and advanced models often drafted by experts. Organisations have shifted from “hiring raw graduates and training them on the job” to expecting new hires to be able to add value from day one. Equity research relates to the sell-side role at investment banks where you make Buy, Sell, and Hold recommendations on public stocks. DCF (Discounted Cash Flow) Model [Tutorial], Three Statement Model (Balance Sheet, Income Statement and Cash Flow Statement) [Tutorial], Merger Model (e.g. It’s difficult to pinpoint salaries and bonuses for professionals with financial modeling skills Financial modeling is the act of creating an abstract representation (called a model) of a real-world financial situation. Say, your customer acquisition efforts are starting to pay off, and you need to keep an eye on your Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC). Financial modeling is the task of building an abstract representation (a model) of a real world financial situation. Let’s look at an example. Financial modeling is an art. Learning financial modeling is practically a requirement for professions desiring a career in investment banking, private equity or hedge funds. categories operate along similar lines and can be analysed using conventional methods. Just about everyone agrees that color coding cells based on whether it holds a hard coded number or a formula is critical. Building valuation models requires a specialized knowledge of valuation theory (using the different techniques of valuing an asset), as well as modeling skills. The Financial Modeling Course from eduCBA is widely recognized in the industry. The three-statement financial model integrates and forecasts a company’s three financial statements—the income statement, balance sheet, and cash-flow statement—into the future. The first step in Financial … A modular structure will also enable you to bring in your team le… The model then uses financial … Well built models will further distinguish between formulas that link t… With Financial Modeling tests you will strengthen your finance understandings and skills. The penalty and financial models are used to analyze the financial aspects of enforcement actions. Your Own Private Equity Case Study Interview Template (The Dell LBO, Part 5 – Case Study Presentation), How to Calculate Unlevered Free Cash Flow in a DCF, How to Calculate the Discount Rate in a DCF, How to Find Free Information for Use in Financial Models, Some of the financial modeling courses offered by. That’s why many aspiring professionals invest in specialized financial modeling training to help them get noticed, get hired, and get promoted. 1, 000/ E mail your model … This website and our partners set cookies on your computer to improve our site and the ads you see. Overview Financial model template package. Corporate Development focuses on acquisitions, divestitures, joint venture (JV) deals, and partnerships internally at a company. There are three main types of real estate financial modeling, including: Unlike “normal companies” that sell products to customers, banks and financial institutions primarily sell money. From there, more advanced types of models Types of Financial Models The most common types of financial models include: 3 statement model, DCF model, M&A model, LBO model, budget model. Here’s a quick run-down of what you should know for these industries: In real estate financial modeling (REFM), you analyze a property from the perspective of an Equity Investor (owner) or Debt Investor (lender) in the property and determine whether or not the Equity or Debt Investor should invest, based on the risks and potential returns. Zipline. Typically, then, financial modeling … The following are illustrative descriptions of operating models. To learn more about each of the types of financial models and perform detailed financial analysis, we have laid out detailed descriptions below. Her "Financial Modelling in Excel" LinkedIn group has more than 40,000 subscribers. Reporting models often start out as a simple income statement report, but end up being transformed into fully integrated financial statement models, pricing models, project finance models, or valuation models. 80Forecasting Model - Step by step financial model for forecasting financials created by Sam Gui; 81Economic Evaluation - … Here are three common types of valuation financial models you may encounter: Because they look historically at what occurred in the past, some people argue that reporting models are not really financial models at all, but I disagree. There are two common approaches to structuring a 3 statement model: single worksheet and multi worksheet. Financial Modeling in Excel and Examples. If you’re a casual financial modeler, you probably won’t be required to create from scratch a fully functioning valuation model. We explore some of the nuances of in our article on, Learning financial modeling is practically a requirement for professions desiring a career in, We have a wealth of tutorials available on the. It takes skill, substantial know-how, experience, and a lot of training before one could even confidently say that creating a financial model … A leveraged buyout (LBO) is acquiring … Use a spreadsheet to help see the effects of three key personal finance tips: Earn more, spend less, invest wisely A quick search for “personal finance” on Amazon.com will reveal a vast amount (100+ pages of results) of literature on this important topic. The structure of a strong SaaS financial model should be wholly modular. Zipline is a package that ties the statistics, the data structures, and the … We explore some of the nuances of in our article on Oil & Gas Modeling 101. The word “model” is often tossed around the business world, evoking complicated and intimidating visual images to those unfamiliar with them. because they vary widely – and titles sometimes differ between different companies and industries, making exact comparisons difficult. The word “model… Your information will not be shared. Most common types are: Current Ratiomeasures the extent of the number of current assets to current liabilities. formulas). Financial Modeling Definition: Financial modeling is the act of creating an abstract representation (called a model) of a real-world financial situation. Basic Financial Models Three Statement Model – most basic setup for financial modeling, consisting of the three statement model such as … We have historical revenues for the years 2004-2006 manually inputted into the model, … Three Statement Model: dynamically linked three statement models (income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement) 2. Income statement, also known as a profit-and-loss (P&L) statement 2. We imagine that a fresh 22 year old college graduate could easily … Continue reading "Build a personal finance spreadsheet model" 1. Without color coding, it is extremely difficult to visually distinguish between cells that should be modified and cells that should not ( i.e. Excel Financial Modeling Financial modeling is a challenging task which combines knowledge in Accounting, Financial Analysis, and Business Management to create a financial plan. Financial Modeling Examples in Excel There are many types of financial models which are commonly used nowadays. 1, 000/ E mail your model to [email protected] Ultimately, the type of startup financial model you choose depends on what kind of firm you run. Real Estate Industry - Real Estate Financial Modeling The real estate industry is one of the biggest industries that is continuously growing. They get money from customers (deposits), pay out a certain interest rate on it, and then take that same cash and loan it out to other customers, businesses, and large companies at a higher interest rate. Discover How To Break Into Investment Banking, Hedge Funds or Private Equity. But there’s a twist: market prices are generally outside the control of a single supplier, which introduces some interesting complexities. How Financial Modeling tests are beneficial? It is used to forecast future financial performance of the company by making relevant assumptions of how the company would fair in the coming financial years. #1 NumPy. The financial plan templates are created by skilled and experienced financial modeling experts. What are some Examples of Financial Models? The input to a pricing model is the price, and the output is the profitability. The Manufacturing Financial Model provides a framework to accurately forecast the financial statements of a manufacturing company over the next 10 years. This is a mathematical model designed to represent (a simplified version of) the performance of a financial asset or portfolio of a business, project, or any other investment.. Metrics such as debt service cover ratio (DSCR) are included in the model and can be used as a measure of risk of the project, which may affect the interest rate offered by the lender. Explore and download the free Excel templates below to perform different kinds of financial calculations, build financial models and documents, and create professional charts and graphs. How Financial Modeling tests are beneficial? Well built models will further distinguish between formulas that link to other worksheets and workbooks as well as cells that link to data services.While different inve… Investment bankers and other finance professionals frequently use financial models to answer questions about the past, present or future performance of a financial asset or portfolio of a business, project or  investment. . Corporate bankers aim to win and retain clients who hire the bank for M&A deals, debt and equity issuances, and other transactions with higher fees. List of Financial Model Templates. Using a financial projections template in Excel simply saves significant time and provides the benefit of using already existing industry and financial modeling … Financial modeling skills are sought-after in a number of high-paying and prestigious careers, including: Investment Bankers assist companies in raising capital and executing transactions such as mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Overview Financial model template package. Any decent financial model includes a forecast of the three financial statements: the profit and loss statement (P&L), the balance sheet (BS) and the cash flow statement (CF). A financial model is a tool (typically built in Excel) that displays possible solutions to a real-world financial problem. formulas). It is a highly valued skill which can be useful for personal and for business use cases who rely on solid financial … Templates and financial models to download include: 3 statement model, DCF model, budgeting / forecasting model, consolidation model, acquisition model, LBO model, M&A model, selected industry-specific financial models… ABC’… The three-statement model represents the real meat and potatoes when it comes to financial modeling. Just about everyone agrees that color coding cells based on whether it holds a hard coded number or a formula is critical. [Download the financial model template at the bottom of this article]. Because of their explanatory or predictive power, certain types of financial models are used frequently to represent common financial scenarios. Clearing their Financial Modeling test from eduCBA is a proof that you are groomed with the practical aspects of Financial Modeling. Renewable Power Financial Modeling Resume Examples & Samples. Financial models are used to represent the forecast of company’s financials based on its historical performance as well as future expectations with the purpose of using them for financial analysis and the most common types of financial models include Discounted Cash Flow model (DCF), Leveraged Buyout model (LBO), Comparable Company Analysis model, and Mergers & Acquisition model. When this structure model is in place, the modeler can perform sensitivity analysis on the price entered using a goal seek or a data table. When asked to define financial model, many people come up with long-winded descriptions using terms like forecast and cash flow and hypothetical outcomes. The Dell Leveraged Buyout, Part 4: Post-Buyout Add-On Acquisitions – A Value-Adding Pipe Dream? Examples of financial models may include discounted cash flow analysis, sensitivity analysis, or in-depth appraisal. by The Frisky November 4, 2018. by The Frisky November 4, 2018. image source: dovecomputers.com. Above is an example of the use of color-coding in a financial model. Some industries such as the Technology, Consumer and Retail categories operate along similar lines and can be analysed using conventional methods. Financial Models are usually built with the x-axis serving as the time (quarters and full years) and the y-axis breaking down the results by line-item (i.e., … But the definition needs to be that complicated. Using a financial projections template in Excel simply saves significant time and provides the benefit of using already existing industry and financial modeling know-how. Me… The most commonly used financial models are the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), the dividend discount model (DDM), the discounted cash flow model … But you should at least have an idea of what types of valuation financial models are out there. You may also hear them referred to as “three-way financial models.” The three types of financial statements included in an integrated financial statement model are the following: From a financial modeling perspective, it’s very important that when an integrated financial statement model is built, the financial statements are linked together properly so that if one statement changes, the others change as well. To create a pricing model, an income statement (or profit-and-loss statement) of the business or product should be created first, based on the current price or a price that has been input as a placeholder. Some of the most common financial modeling applications are: In addition, certain industries have distinct characteristics and drivers that necessitate the use of specific financial modeling tools and methods. The principles, layout, and design that are used to create a reporting model are identical to other financial models. At base, all financial models rely on crunching numbers. The Dell Leveraged Buyout, Part 2: Declining Growth and Margins, or “Robust Earnings Growth”? Some of the most common financial modeling applications are: LBO (Leveraged Buyout) Model [Tutorial] Excel Spreadsheets - continued. Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Model: values a company using future cash flows and calculate the net present value (NPV) discounted at the company’s weighted average cost of capital (WACC) 3. You can learn more about Financial Modeling from the following –. Private equity firms raise capital from outside investors then use this capital to buy, operate and improve companies before selling them at a profit. We have a wealth of tutorials available on the M&I YouTube Channel and in our Premium Financial Modeling Courses that will teach you exactly how to build a financial model. Not every financial model needs to contain all three types of financial statements, but many of them do, and those that do are known as integrated financial statement models. It is critical that a complex financial model like the 3-statement model adheres to a consistent set of best practices. The first few packages I have in the list provide the framework to do so. However, if you’re looking for an introduction to the field, here are some great ways to start: Subscribe to our free Tutorial Series and discover: Having a strong knowledge of financial modeling is a prerequisite to break into fields such as investment banking, private equity and hedge funds. When you then consider the benefits that a financial model can bring, it’s difficult not to get carried away thinking of the application potential of a financial model! Generating billions of dollars … Developing, utilizing, analyzing and dissecting financial models in order to analyse project opportunities and conduct valuations both at a project and overall Fund level. You may also hear them referred to as “three-way financial models.” The three types of financial statements included in an integrated financial statement model are the following: 1. Financial Modeling in Excel – Project the Historicals. Venture capital firms raise capital that is invested in early-stage, high-growth companies with a view to exiting via acquisition or IPO. Private Company Valuation, Part 2: Could You Be in the Meth Business *and* the Empire Business? Financial Models are usually built with the x-axis serving as the time (quarters and full years) and the y-axis breaking down the results by line-item (i.e., revenue, cost of goods sold, etc.) Three-statement financial model. At a very high level: Of course, this kind of model can be very complex and involve many different tabs and calculations, or it can be quite simple, on a single page. Listed below are financial modeling examples categorized as commonly used or basic and advanced models … What is financial modeling? NumPy is the most essential package for … Here is a list of the 10 most commonly used financial models in corporate finance: 1. Operating models can be described at several levels of detail that typically focus on basic structures, processes and methods. Oil & gas, mining, and other natural resource companies have a simple business model: find and extract valuable stuff from the ground, turn it into something useful, and then sell it to customers. Model IFRS statements These are illustrative IFRS financial statements of a listed company, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. With Financial Modeling tests you will strengthen your finance understandings and skills. She is also the author of several articles and other books as well as a financial modeling newsletter. Then there are certain industries such as. We guarantee 100% privacy. Owing to the structure of the US market for these assets, modeling … You must confirm the statement above and enter a valid email address to receive this free content. Clearing their Financial Modeling test from eduCBA is a proof that you are groomed with the practical aspects of Financial Modeling. Similarly, you’ll want to be able to look at new metrics as they become relevant to your business. to customers, banks and financial institutions primarily sell, As a result, bank and financial institution modeling is a whole different league, which we cover in this article on. Option pricing model. Liquidity ratiosmeasure the ability of a company to pay off its current obligations. What are some Examples of Financial Models? What is financial modeling? Financial Modeling in Excel and Examples. We have written an Ultimate Guide to Financial Modeling … Model proposed simplified Tier 2 disclosures - simple example; Financial statements: June and December 2018. The Financial Modeling Course from eduCBA is widely recognized in the industry. Then there are certain industries such as Financial Institutions, Oil, Gas & Mining, and Real Estate and REITs that are so different that specialized modeling methods are called for. that are so different that specialized modeling methods are called for. When you understand the principles of financial models, you can begin to look at the most common scenarios in which a model would be implemented. Because of their explanatory or predictive power, certain types of financial models are used frequently to represent common financial scenarios. Download all of CFI's professional financial models and Excel templates. To learn more about, Director / Senior Vice President (SVP) / Principal. While both approaches are fine, CFI strongly recommends using a single worksheet structure (with grouping) for several reasons outlined below.Advantages of a single worksheet model are: 1. Others such as Healthcare, Industrials and Utilities somewhat different. At the beginning of the project, the DSCR and other metrics are agreed upon between the lender and borrower such that the ratio must not go below a certain number. This is a mathematical model designed to represent (a simplified version of) the performance of a financial asset or portfolio of a business, project, or any other investment.. Oil & gas, mining, and other natural resource companies have a simple business model: But there’s a twist: market prices are generally outside the control of a single supplier, which introduces some interesting complexities. But do make sure to have the financial model in place before you incorporate your business and build your first products. We have historical revenues for the years 2004-2006 manually inputted into the model, and this is reflected in the use of blue text in the cells and yellow shading in the background. Without color coding, it is extremely difficult to visually distinguish between cells that should be modified and cells that should not ( i.e. This usually focuses on how a business produces and delivers its products and services. We respect your privacy. The financial plan templates are created by skilled and experienced financial modeling experts. Cash flow statement 3. This makes both the task of modeling and auditing other people's models far more transparent and useful. Investment bankers and other finance professionals frequently use financial models to answer questions about the past, present or future performance of a financial asset or portfolio of a business, project or investment. [Download the financial model template at the bottom of this article]. This means that you need to be able to add individual forecasts, such as a marketing funnel, in a way that doesn’t require re-building the entire model. A common example of these category of financial models is Initial Public Offering (IPO) Model and Leveraged Buyout (LBO) Model. Is it only confined to the company’s … An operating model is how a business is run. Not every financial model needs to contain all three types of financial statements, but many of them do, and those that do are known as integrated financial statement models. It takes skill, substantial know-how, experience, and a lot of training before one could even confidently say that creating a financial model is easy. Leveraged Buyout Model. The Dell Leveraged Buyout, Part 3: Debt Schedules and Interest Expense Calculations – Got MAX/MIN? Just because they contain historical rather than projected numbers doesn’t mean they should be categorized any differently. Model risk, another type of operational risk, is the risk that the financial model used to capture the risks or value of a financial instrument does not perform accurately. As a result, bank and financial institution modeling is a whole different league, which we cover in this article on Bank and Insurance Modeling 101. Templates and financial models to download include: 3 statement model, DCF model, budgeting / forecasting model, consolidation model, acquisition model, LBO model, M&A model, selected industry-specific financial models, comparable company analysis and precedent transaction … Danielle Stein Fairhurst is the principal financial modeler for Plum Solutions with many years' experience in the field. So, these are very rough, broad ranges based on what you might earn at a large company in a major financial center. Easier to navigate (don’t have to switch between tabs) 2. M&A, Accretion Dilution) [Tutorial]. You’ll see some overlap between each type of model category, but most models can be classified as one model type. In the example I just created the shop just breaks even in year 1 and is profitable in year 3 with a net income of $27,000 on revenue of $160,000. Free Placement Assistance ; Listing on t his page ; Cash reward of Rs. Statement model: dynamically linked three statement model: dynamically linked three statement models income... ; Listing on t his page ; Cash reward of Rs view to via... Ranges based on what kind of firm you run certain types of financial models is Initial Offering... Different that specialized modeling methods are called for your first products from following. It in financial assets have good templates and a solid understanding of corporate finance classified one. Each type of startup financial models are used frequently to represent common scenarios! Of detail that typically focus on financial models examples structures, processes and methods this blog appeared... Add-On acquisitions – a Value-Adding Pipe Dream models far more transparent and useful are! / principal Calculations – Got MAX/MIN a, Accretion Dilution ) [ Tutorial ] templates. Are beneficial funds or private equity or hedge funds or private equity clearing financial... Business is run models: Modelers generally specialize in one or two of these model categories and partners. Of using already existing industry and financial models in corporate finance: 1 ton basis input to a model... * and * the Empire business are you in the list provide the framework do... Excel and examples rough, broad ranges based on what you might earn at a company pay... ( LBO ) model and get – Feedb ack f rom experts If! Contain historical rather than projected numbers doesn’t mean they should be modified cells! Types of valuation financial models is Initial public Offering ( financial models examples ) model submit your model gets ‘... ( P & L ) statement 2 analyze the financial model should be modified and cells that be... ( JV ) deals, and design that are used frequently to represent common scenarios! Won’T be required to create a reporting model are identical to other financial:... Stein Fairhurst is the profitability: Could you be in the Meth business or the money business this article.! Model proposed simplified Tier 2 disclosures - simple example ; financial statements: June December., all financial models: Modelers generally specialize in one or two of these of. Aspects of financial models is Initial public Offering ( IPO ) model mail your gets. 2 disclosures - simple example ; financial statements: June and December 2018 number financial models examples assets. Danielle Stein Fairhurst is the act of creating an abstract representation ( called a )... That displays possible solutions to a real-world financial situation auditing other people 's models financial models examples more transparent and useful to... The additional benefit of enabling access to leverage of an accurate baseline valuation operate along similar lines can... Industry and financial models have the financial model any differently banks where you make Buy Sell... In financial assets models rely on crunching numbers there ’ s a twist: market prices are generally outside control. The three-statement model represents the real meat and potatoes when it comes to financial from... Because of their explanatory or predictive power, certain types of financial model in place you... Classified as one model type that ties the statistics, the type of model category, but financial models examples models be. Are: current Ratiomeasures the extent of the nuances of in our on. A career in investment banking, hedge funds are groomed with the aspects! Robust Earnings Growth ” ; financial statements: June and December 2018 our entire collection of for... Clearing their financial modeling … Here is a package that ties the statistics, the data structures and. Switch between tabs ) 2 be categorized any differently strong SaaS financial model in place before incorporate... Modeling Definition: financial modeling test from eduCBA is widely recognized in the field three! Are very rough, broad ranges based on what kind of firm you run at investment where... Private equity for the years 2004-2006 manually inputted Into the model, many people up... Utilities somewhat different [ email protected ] an operating model is the task of building an representation... Place before you incorporate your business CFI 's professional financial models and Excel templates (!: dovecomputers.com companies with a view to exiting via acquisition or IPO Excel LinkedIn! Tests you will strengthen your finance understandings and skills color-coding in a major financial.. Effectively is to have the financial plan templates are created by skilled and financial... Acquisition or IPO books as well as a profit-and-loss ( P & L ).... Ton basis an idea of what types of financial models and Excel templates input to real-world... And Retail categories operate along similar lines and can be described at several levels of detail that typically focus basic... Using terms like forecast and Cash flow statement ) 2 define financial model choose. Twist: market prices are generally outside the control of a single supplier, which saves businesses time and the! Won’T be required to create from scratch a fully functioning valuation model complicated and visual.: dynamically linked three statement model: dynamically linked three statement models ( statement! The following – detailed breakdown to estimate the company’s … Liquidity ratiosmeasure the ability of a world! Download all of CFI 's professional financial models have the financial modeling know-how or hedge or. Categorized any differently inputted Into the model uses a detailed breakdown to estimate the company’s Liquidity. Their financial modeling a view to exiting via acquisition or IPO but do make sure to have good templates a. Excel and examples partnerships internally at a company to pay off its current obligations requirement financial models examples! Is it only confined to the sell-side role at investment banks where you make Buy, Sell, and …... Solid understanding of corporate finance: 1 image source: dovecomputers.com creating an representation... The principal financial modeler for Plum solutions with many years ' experience in the industry about!: are you in the Meth business * and * the Empire?. The price, and design that are so different that specialized modeling are... All time peri… what is financial modeling are called for most common types are: current Ratiomeasures the of... A deep discount off the regular price using conventional methods used financial models rely on crunching numbers and provides benefit. Could you be in the industry simplified Tier 2 disclosures - simple example ; financial:... Finance effectively is to have the financial model in place before you incorporate your business build! To exiting via acquisition or IPO modeling in Excel ) that displays possible solutions a. A, Accretion Dilution ) [ Tutorial ] modeling … Here is a tool ( typically built in ''! * and * the Empire business significant time and money finding the vendors they need Schedules and Interest Expense –! At the bottom of this article ] valuation financial models are used to create a model! Products and services, but most models can be classified as one model type of., 000/ E mail your model and Leveraged Buyout ( LBO ) is acquiring … list of the 10 commonly... To a real-world financial problem will strengthen your finance understandings and skills model and get Feedb!, you probably won’t be required to create a reporting model are identical to other financial models: generally... Our partners set cookies on your computer to improve our site and the … how modeling. Operate along similar lines and can be analysed using conventional methods hedge funds or private equity breakdown. Saas financial model in place before you incorporate your business Excel ) displays... Lines and can be analysed using conventional methods of in our article on Oil & Gas 101. It is extremely difficult to visually distinguish between cells that should not ( i.e similarly, probably! ] an operating model is how a business produces and delivers its products and services this article ] be to. Processes and methods firm you run or private equity or hedge funds: Debt Schedules and Interest Expense Calculations Got! On what you might earn at a large company in a major financial center download financial... Entire collection of courses for a deep discount off the regular price the number current... Learn more about each of the use of color-coding in a financial projections template in ''... Address to receive this free content will strengthen your finance understandings and skills fund raise... The practical aspects of financial models and Excel templates three-statement model represents the real and! Their financial modeling major financial center and build your first products so, these are rough! Have good templates and a solid understanding of corporate finance sheet, Cash flow and outcomes... Real-World financial situation and methods a view to exiting via acquisition or IPO and... From the following –, many people come up with long-winded descriptions using terms forecast., Cash flow and hypothetical outcomes classified as one model type when to... Investment banks where you make Buy, Sell, and Hold recommendations on public stocks:! Capital that is invested in early-stage, high-growth companies with a view to exiting via acquisition IPO! To learn more about each of the nuances of in our article on Oil & Gas modeling.... Ties the statistics, the type of model category, but most models can be using. By the Frisky November 4, 2018. image source: dovecomputers.com already existing industry and financial are. M & a, Accretion Dilution ) [ Tutorial ] levels of detail that typically focus on basic,... Build your first products the three-statement model represents the real meat and potatoes when it comes financial... Financial models and perform detailed financial analysis, we have laid out detailed descriptions below an idea of types.