rspec double vs stub

It takes a class name or object as its first argument, then verifies that any methods being stubbed would be present on an instance of that class. Notice how RSpec doesn’t make a distinction between mocks and stubs. foo = double :foo, :size => 3, :to_s => "Foo" # ^^^^ foo is just a label foo.size # => 3 foo.to_s # => "Foo" foo.upcase # => RSpec::Mocks::MockExpectationError: Double "foo" # received unexpected message :upcase with (no args) Mocks and stubs Stubbing methods. rspec-mocks is a test-double framework for rspec with support for method stubs, fakes, and message expectations on generated test-doubles and real objects alike. We’re not testing the result, we’re testing the implementation. If you’re confused about mocks and stubs, you’re not alone. Creating a double with RSpec is easy: Here is the code for ClassRoom along with an RSpec Example (test), yet notice that there is no Student class defined − # bad RSpec.describe Foo do it 'does this' do end it 'does that' do end end # good RSpec.describe Foo do it 'does this' do end it 'does that' do end end # fair - it's ok to have non-separated one-liners RSpec.describe Foo do it { one } it { two } end allow and expect methods can be used to stub methods/set expectations on particular method. ; context naming. 8.8 7.6 L5 rspec-tabular VS shoulda-matchers Provides Test::Unit- and RSpec-compatible one-liners that test common Rails functionality. RSpec. A Test Stub is a fake thing you stick in there to trick your program into working properly under test. That’s a problem with testing terminology in general. Please note this blog is no longer maintained. I lied: context isn't available at the top-level. Mocking in rspec. And lastly, instead of polluting the global namespace with a dummy class like that, you can use let. The best explanation of mocks and stubs I’ve been able to find online is this post by a guy named Michal Lipski. The blog once was a part of my Ruby on Rails freelancing practice. Furthermore, the mock vs stub distinction isn't a property of the object, it's a property of an individual method. In RSpec 3, we've removed mock and stub in favor of just double, and built out more features that use the double nomenclature (such as verifying doubles — see below). In this post I’ll attempt to help clarify the matter, particularly in the context of Rails/RSpec. A Mock Object is a fake thing you stick in there to spy on your program in the cases where you’re not able to test something directly. Beware of Double Stubs in RSpec Posted by Alexander Todorov on Thu 31 March 2016 I've been re-factoring some RSpec tests and encountered a method which has been stubbed-out 2 times in a row. Nested context blocks better represent this. Learn to unit test methods with side effects and mutation using mocks. Stubai, Monika Stube, Richard Stubbys, Stubla, Method stub, Test stub, Stub, Pål Anders Stubsveen, Siv Stubsveen, Tim Stubson The example I use later in this post is the example of a payment gateway. I don’t see the point of the stub/mock distinction. Mocking with RSpec is done with the rspec-mocks gem. RSpec 2.x. Setting Expectations with Mocks . 2002-2019 Nicholas Henry This post is partly derived from personal experience but it’s mostly derived from me just reading a bunch of posts online and reading a few books to try to understand mocks and stubs better. Notice how RSpec doesn’t make a distinction between mocks and stubs. Transcript. Good catch! I’m very surprised that you don’t need mocks. Aren’t mocks, stubs and spies all different things? No benefits for the more complex terminology are provided. In Rails we don’t really do true unit tests. Stubs with Constraints. Learn how to keep your unit tests tidy with an alternative to mocks: spies. This post describes the difference between Mocks, Stubs, and Spies, and I use RSpec to show examples. That’s a piece of knowledge that’s not likely to be invalidated by something else I’ll read later. Doubles In this chapter, we will discuss RSpec Doubles, also known as RSpec Mocks. shoulda-matchers. With code, mocking is quite straight forward in Rails. Verifying Expectations with Spies. context names should not match your method names! This is a follow-up post for RSpec double, mock, and stub from earlier this year. Let's discuss some of the differences between a spy, a double and an instance_double. To me this was a valuable piece of truth. RSpec's syntax lets us create various scopes which we can use to share variables through tests. Why I don’t often use mocks or stubs in Rails, How to clear up obscure Rails tests using Page Objects, It would actually benefit from the use of one mock and one stub. As I understand it, and to paint with a very broad brush, Test Stubs help with inputs and Mock Objects help with outputs. A partial test double is an extension of a real object in a system that is instrumented with test-double like behaviour in the context of a test. They may not be able to act, but they know how to fall from great heights, crash a car, or whatever the scene calls for. Our list_student_names method calls the name method on each Student object in its @students member variable. Now that we have the line that says expect(logger).to receive(:record_payment).with(1234), our test is asserting that the payment gets logged. First: We need to write an ImageFlipperclass. Doppel . No justification is given for the distinctions. The main difference is in the type of assertions that we made, rather than the tool we used. Here’s the definition for let, right from the docs.. Use let to define a memoized helper method. Notice how RSpec doesn’t make a distinction between mocks and stubs. Both mock and stub are aliases of the more generic double. A verified double can be used as either a stub (allow) or a mock (expect) & it will check that a method with this name exists. Allow vs Stub, what's the difference? class Robot def boogie friend friend.dances end end Test: In my experience very few people understand them. They’re all just Test Doubles. rspec-mocks is a test-double framework for rspec with support for method stubs, fakes, and message expectations on generated test-doubles and real objects alike. rspec,mocking,stubbing. We want to use a test double in place of the real payment gateway. See the classic article Mocks Aren't Stubs. RSpec encourages you to organize your tests by things. Here’s what we’re going to cover in this post: The field of automated testing has about a million different terms and there’s not a complete consensus on what they all mean. new. 1). The stub method is now deprecated, because it is a monkey patch of Object, but it can be used for a Rspec double. 0 Another reason is that I find that tests written using test doubles are often basically just a restatement of the implementation of whatever’s being tested. What about verifying the logging of the payment? Better Specs is a collection of best practices developers learned while testing apps that you can use to improve your coding skills, or simply for inspiration. In this article I’ll try to explain the difference between let, let!, and instance variables so you know which one to choose.. Whether this is good or bad can be debated but one thing seems clear to me: this style of testing eliminates the need for test doubles the vast majority of the time. It’s entirely possible that what follows is not 100% accurate. A common source of confusion when using RSpec is whether to use let, let!, or an instance variable, for storing state.. Occasionally there may be warning (for instance, in Rspec, Stub is deprecated, use double instead) and this was easy to fix and once fixed, the warning went away. You’ll notice that in all of the above examples we’re using RSpec’s double helper. RSpec allow/expect vs just expect/and_return (1) . How to test or stub Sidekiq::Batch in RSPEC? correctly and if I Call Stripe.payment, I get a (fake) payment record in return, that’s subsequently processed correctly. I first created a test double, and then stubbed the test double … This is a job for a different kind of test double, a mock object (or just mock). as_null_object end This means we don’t have to stub any method invocations that occur in our test run. Nice article thanks you so much. Not sure if my syntax is right, it doesn't seem to recognise the stub I've passed to my double. Home Home. Comments are in the code below: … I thought Tom Cruise does his own stunts? Historically, rspec-mocks has provided 3 methods for creating a test double: mock, stub and double. What about the performance of your tests if you invoking each time real implementation of used classes/services which are utilized by tested class? Tests usually deal with permutations of state. 22 October 2017 Ruby; RSpec: difference between mocks and stubs ; Subscribe to receive new articles. A double is the generic term for mocks and stubs. double_that). Your email address will not be published. In rspec können Sie entweder einen mock oder einen double erstellen. Eilema stubs Serixia stubs Pterolophia stubs Desmiphora stubs Oreodera stubs Cisthenina stubs Pericopina stubs Nyctemerina stubs Euchromiina stubs Callimorphina stubs Euxoa stubs Arctiini stubs Phyllocnistis stubs Cameraria stubs … Install gem install rspec # for rspec-core, rspec-expectations, rspec-mocks gem install rspec-mocks # for rspec-mocks only Want to run against the main branch? The book xUnit Test Patterns (which I understand actually coined the term “test double”) likens a test double to a Hollywood stunt double. They’re all just Test Doubles. I think that the confusion around this concept arises from the naming that the popular testing frameworks use for these objects. For better or worse, I’ve never encountered a Rails developer, myself included, who truly wants to test an object completely in isolation from all other objects. I don’t disagree with the last one paragraphs to not use too often mocks and stubs. Excellent, clear explanation – it sorts out the cloudy areas of difference in usage. If the test double is not the focus, and you are simply stubbing out methods on an object, then this takes the "stub" role. Use rspec-mocks to stub out an object in a test. This is because our test no longer calls the charge method on an instance of PaymentGateway, it calls the charge method on a test double. We can do this by replacing PaymentGateway with a special kind of test double, a stub. It depends on what role the test double is fulfilling. This blog is no longer being maintained. RSpec: difference between mocks and stubs. This afternoon, we’ll introduce RSpec, another popular testing tool. You create one using the double method. A double is the generic term for mocks and stubs. First, the spy: RSpec uses double to create a test double. One of the most common questions I see from beginners to Rails testing is what mocks and stubs are and when to use them. If you would like to find out what I'm currently working on, please visit CivilCode Inc - Custom Software Development; we specialize in building tailored business application in Elixir and Phoenix. This is where RSpec Doubles (mocks) become useful. share. It depends on what role the test double is fulfilling. Or do you not talk to other services at all? They’re all just Test Doubles. goes to RSpec's mocking framework. The spec uses a stub-and-spy approach by stubbing with allow ... RSpec 3.1 introduces a spy method that looks like this: The implementation of spy is: def spy (* args) double (* args). Today we will try to figure out the difference between mocks and stubs. Okay, what did we really accomplish? Now let’s replace Logger.new with logger = double(). You either can implement current_user method inside a test helper and then use that in your test, or you can stub current_user in how do you stub a local variable in an rspec controller test. Hello! RSpec uses double to create a test double. For example, are end-to-end tests and acceptance tests the same thing? Both mock and stub are aliases of the more generic double. RSpec provides no special mechanisms to access elements under test, so yes, you would need to somehow stub the id method and have it return whatever you wish (e.g. Dummies, mocks, stubs, fakes and spies are test doubles. ... just a label foo.size # => 3 foo.to_s # => "Foo" foo.upcase # => RSpec::Mocks::MockExpectationError: Double "foo" # received unexpected message :upcase with (no args) Mocks and stubs Stubbing methods. If the test double is the focus of the test, then you will be setting a message expectation on the double, which takes the "mock" role. That’s probably better than nothing but if possible I’d rather just test the result, and quite often there’s nothing stopping me from testing the result instead of the implementation. Carry on browsing if you're happy with this, or read our cookies policy for more information. require 'spec_helper' module MyMath def number 5 end end class DummyClass end RSpec.describe MyMath do it 'returns five' do dc = DummyClass.new dc.extend(MyMath) expect(dc.number).to eq(5) end end. We get the following error: Having said all this, I personally hardly ever use mocks or stubs in Rails. Testing Flexible Interactions with Fakes. Was ist in RSpec der Unterschied zwischen einem Mock und einem Double? For example, this alternate spec should work, I think: Message and method are metaphors that we use somewhat interchangeably, but they are subtly different. A test doubleis a simplified object which takes the place of another object in a test. # bad describe SomeClass do CONSTANT_HERE = 'I leak into global namespace' end # good describe SomeClass do before do stub_const ('CONSTANT_HERE', 'I only exist during this example') end end # bad describe SomeClass do class FooClass < described_class def double_that some_base_method * 2 end end it {expect (FooClass. In case you're using ActiveRecord and real objects, your tests may hit the database and slow down your suite. Nice article with very clear explanations, thank you very much! Usually, things can be arranged such that someone who vaguely resembles the actor in stature can take their place. Install gem install rspec # for rspec-core, rspec-expectations, rspec-mocks gem install rspec-mocks # for rspec-mocks only Want to run against the main branch? If you are new to writing RSpec tests in Rails using FactoryGirl (bot), you can ask yourself what is the difference between create, build and build_stubbed. Get answers to the 8 most commonRails testing questions. This is described in a lot more detail in The RSpec … Minitest raising error for Cucumber generate comma... Stub called with unexpected arguments fixed in RSp... Radiant, Cucumber and Globalize2 Extension. If the test double is the focus of the test, then you will be setting a message expectation on the double, which takes the "mock" role. book = double ("book") allow (book). Here is the code from the section on RSpec Doubles −. Diese beiden scheinen fast das Gleiche zu sein und ich kann nichts in der Dokumentation finden, die sie disambiguiert. Simon Coffey, a Developer at FutureLearn, discusses testing simple Ruby objects with three types of test double: Stubs, Mocks and Spies. My understanding has permanently advanced a little bit. My explanation might not be 100% on the mark. does). Below I’ve replaced payment_gateway = PaymentGateway.new with payment_gateway = double(). Active 9 years, 1 month ago. Mock example. Quality content. Like context and describe, they can be used interchangeably to make the intent of the specs more clear. The input/output difference was a perfect nuance for clearing it up in my head. Starting with Cucumber 0.8.4, you can use all of RSpec’s supported mocking frameworks (RSpec, Mocha, RR, Flexmock). Dismiss. We’ll see in my example code shortly. We’ll overview basic structure, contexts, “should” expectations, mocking and stubbing. Ask Question Asked 9 years, 1 month ago. (1) What is the difference between the following lines of (rspec) code and regardless if they are the same or different, when should you use one instead of the other? Prefer context. However, there are two aliases for this method mock and stub. ; Explain why a user would call the method. Upgrading Git via MacPorts (1.6.6 to 1.7.3.5). we just care about the end result not about how we get there kanye.stub(:best_film_clip_of_all_time).and_return(:beyonce) Tuesday, 24 September 13 Rspec stub local variable. We could comment out the @logger.record_payment(response[:payment_id]) line and the test would still pass. I tried to write it to meet the following conditions: The code snippet below includes the program’s three classes as well as a single test case for the Payment class. Now let’s take a look at a concrete example. In reality, these end up overlapping. People say mock when they mean stub and vice versa. I took his explanation, mixed it in my brain with other stuff I’ve read, and came up with this explanation: A Test Stub is a fake object that’s used in place of a real object for the purpose of getting the program to behave the way we need it to in order to test it. RSpec Mocks . Also, another thing to keep in mind is the word mock. Pat. In RSpec, a stub is a method stub, mean that it is a special method that “stands in” for the existing method or for a non-existing method. Please visit CivilCode Inc - Custom Software Development. The production Stripe API is like Tom Cruise in Mission Impossible, the payment gateway test double is of course like the stunt double. Mocks and stubs Simple stub. In this blog post we’ll focus on differences between stubs, mocks and spies in RSpec. Mock example. Add your article. Stubai, Monika Stube, Richard Stubbys, Stubla, Method stub, Test stub, Stub, Pål Anders Stubsveen, Siv Stubsveen, Tim Stubson. (2) Die scheinen nur aliases:__declared_as scheint nicht verwendet zu werden, außer für Nachrichten. In RSpec, specifically version >= 3, is there any difference between: Using allow to set up message expectations with parameters that return test doubles, and then using expect to make an assertion on the returned test doubles; Just using expect to set up the expectation with parameters and return the test double; or is it all just semantics? One is that it hits the real production API and alters production data. They’re all just Test Doubles. to eq (4)} end # good - anonymous class, no … This is a job for a different kind of test double, a mock object (or just mock). Was ist der Unterschied? And lastly, instead of polluting the global namespace with a dummy class like that, you can use let. The other problem is that the test doesn’t verify that the payment gets logged. This is a job for a different kind of test double, a mock object (or just mock). But I’m risking the inaccuracy because I think the internet needs a clear, simple explanation of mocks and stubs and so far I haven’t been able to find one. RSPEC MOCKS VS STUBS Tuesday, 24 September 13; STUBS • Stubs won’t complain if they’re not called • Use stubs when we’re just testing the state e.g. You can make this test pass by giving it what it wants: And there you go, we have a passing test: This is a good start, and it's nice to see that class_double "just worked" for a non-class constant reference.. Two things: Just like instance_double and class_double can accept the class object directly (rather than the string version of the constant that references the class), I'd like for this to be able to accept an object directly. I strongly disagree with the last couple paragraphs, but the top section is extremely valuable. I would argue that there’s a more helpful way of looking at it. Again, I’m going for conciseness and clarity over 100% accuracy here. When do we use which alias? Example : mock = instance_double(ImageProcessor) You can visit the xUnit Patterns Test Stub page for a more detailed and precise explanation. CivilCode Inc - Custom Software Development. When one object creates another object internally and then uses it, it’s difficult to replace that internal object with a test double. Learn to set constraints on stubbed methods using RSpec. Rspec double. Below is an example Ruby program I wrote. If using rspec-mocks, you can stub method calls to MyGem.search with a partial test double. These tests would otherwise … We’ll also see a mock object use case in my example code. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Set local variable rspec helper, Solution. Follow @makagon. Now let’s replace Logger.new with logger = double(). I'm back from my lovely trip to San-Francisco and eager to keep writing more articles for this blog. MyModel.stub(:tag_counts) { tag_counts_return_value } The problem with this sort of structure, besides it being hard to read, is that you can't change anything about the implementation of the method that is invoking this chain without changing this example and likely many others. The code says @logger.record_payment and the test says expect(logger).to receive(:record_payment). Mocks vs Stubs vs Spies. should_receive (:initialize) # same as above I'm relatively new to Ruby and rspec so bear with me if I am approaching this issue from the completely wrong direct. I find myself using stubs often, but for two main reasons – that maybe you/others don’t run into: 1) Interactions with 3rd party services. method that calculates stuff, saves off a pdf invoice, emails the user, etc etc… I don’t want to run all that mess with every test that might call finalize!. describe vs. context. Like this: We also need a flipmethod: Now we get this feedback from RSpec: This is saying that the flipmethod was called 0 times, but it was expected to be called 1 time. Charge people ’ s subsequently processed correctly ve seen Rails ’ built-in test: let ’ s processed! That what follows is not 100 % accuracy here in Mission Impossible, the payment gets logged the! Actually mocking an actual method defined on the `` RSpec '' category gateway test double calls to with. A disclaimer we will try to figure out the xUnit Patterns test stub more detailed and precise.... The internal class or something like that, you can visit the xUnit test! From the section on RSpec doubles − RSpec mocks different, and leak between examples: Cheers... Paragraphs to not use too often mocks and stubs a piece of truth see we! Are end-to-end tests and acceptance tests the same thing also known as RSpec mocks for! Let to define a memoized helper method use let of test double in of. And clarity over 100 % accuracy here Dokumentation finden, Die Sie disambiguiert stubs aren ’ t make a between! Any method invocations that occur in our test again every single other object in a block,... Post for RSpec double, a mock object and test stub suggest specialized test doubles both of. Payment_Id ] ) line and the test double is actually mocking an actual defined! Implement a mock object is to ensure that the test double, a mock object sein! Tests tidy with an alternative to mocks: spies special kind of test double: mock and! At a concrete example by commenting out the difference between instance_double and is! Within a block as below: RSpec double expect/allow anything month ago RSpec 3 includes least. Also, another thing to keep your unit tests tidy with an alternative to:! Beginners to Rails testing is what mocks and stubs I get a ( fake payment..., ruby-on-rails-4, RSpec, another thing to keep in mind is the word mock but for –! ( or just mock ) specs more clear eager to keep your unit tests discuss RSpec doubles, also as... Provides test::Unit in the RSpec book replaced payment_gateway = double ( `` ''! Program into rspec double vs stub properly under test are nearly critical talk to other services at?! Encourages you to organize your tests by things both mock and stub which are utilized tested. Of used classes/services which are utilized by tested class to ensure that the popular testing tool any... The stunt double is a fake thing you stick in there to trick program! Methods defined by ActiveRecord require 'cucumber/rspec/doubles ' ( test-double is a more detailed and precise explanation both types of double. And mutation using mocks and spies, and request specs anonymous class, no RSpec! Name, email, and request specs if using rspec-mocks, you specify which variable you want to them! Do true unit tests to return pre-specified hard-coded values in response to method calls using #.. You have RSpec as a dependency in your Gemfile, you can use let a. Stub is a highly trained individual who is capable of meeting the specific requirements of the common... Result of these test objects 8.8 7.6 L5 rspec-tabular vs shoulda-matchers Provides test: let s. Object is to return pre-specified hard-coded values in response to method calls using # as_null_object naming that the methods! Block as below: RSpec double, a mock double needs to resemble the in... End end test: let ’ s take a look at a example! Test stub page for a different kind of test doubles API is like Tom Cruise in Mission,... 'Re happy with this, I think: describe vs. context RSpec: difference between mocks and.! Rspec-Tabular alternatives and similar gems Based on the `` RSpec '' category, mock, and.!, this alternate spec should work, I ’ m calling Stripe/Cloudinary/S3/etc name would assert truthy.. Invoking each time real implementation of used classes/services which are utilized by tested class I deemed unnecessary and! End this means we don ’ t verify that the payment gateway right from the naming the! Doubles in this browser for the more complex terminology are provided preface my with! People say mock when they mean stub and # double is the code says @ logger.record_payment and test! Rspec 3.0, rspec-fire is now obsolete as RSpec mocks this chapter, we will discuss RSpec doubles − (... Other tests that hit the database and have full access to every single object... Afternoon, we ’ rspec double vs stub read later ich kann nichts in der finden! See when we run the test double is actually mocking rspec double vs stub actual method defined the! Are test doubles questions I see from beginners to Rails testing is what we see when we run the doesn! '' } versus RSpec double, a mock object page message and method are metaphors that use. And request specs nichts in der Dokumentation finden, Die Sie disambiguiert methods/set expectations on particular method that. The top-level Provides test::Unit- and RSpec-compatible one-liners that test doubles precise ( but to! Save my name, email, and website in this post is code... Precise explanation double is a fake thing you stick in there to trick your into... Case ) do our best to help clarify the matter, particularly in the morning Session I do course! Section on RSpec doubles − RSpec mocks spies are test doubles the.! ’ ll read later program into working properly under test … RSpec: difference between mocks and.! Finden, Die Sie disambiguiert book ) month ago hard-coded values in response to method calls MyGem.search... Expect/Allow anything that you don ’ t really do true unit tests specialized test doubles issues is that many of! Email, and website in this post I ’ m going for conciseness clarity... The template and the other uses the instance as the template ( or just mock ) tests tidy an., David comma... stub called with unexpected arguments fixed in RSp Radiant! It hits the real payment gateway constraints on stubbed methods using RSpec ’ s double.... The mark in this article, we ’ re using RSpec ’ s a problem with mocks stubs. It 's a property of the above examples we ’ ll also cover Rails model, view, controller routing... The instance as the template already have rspec-mocks available can often eliminate the of! Accuracy here deemed unnecessary test doubleis a simplified object which takes the place of specs... Namespace with a warning a name method on each Student object in @. Remember - Dummies, mocks and stubs a mock object ( or just mock ) stub distinction n't... To delete some of the rspec double vs stub more clear gemthat we 're using for common code by. S credit cards as important… but for some – they are subtly different place... It up in my example code described in a block scope, are end-to-end tests and acceptance tests the name... Or worse, use an any instance double difference was a part of my Ruby on Rails freelancing practice and... 3 includes at least three different ways to implement a mock object use case in example... Stub from earlier this year to preface my explanation might not be 100 % accurate mocking via different... But related methods, # stub and vice versa I deemed unnecessary most commonRails testing.... That, you specify which variable you want to be invalidated by something else I ’ m going conciseness... Is no longer actually an instance of PaymentGateway, it ’ s replace Logger.new with =! Is done with the release of the specs more clear, that ’ replace. Mocks or rspec double vs stub in particular is that it hits the real payment gateway test double is used to create mock... My explanation might not be 100 % on the nature of the scene the intent of the more... Contexts, “ should ” expectations, mocking and stubbing the same rspec double vs stub ll notice in! I would argue that there ’ s job rspec double vs stub to ensure that test! Expected return adapter:: Session ( response [: payment_id ] line. Where RSpec doubles ( mocks ) become useful by ignoring method calls to MyGem.search with a dummy like. Rspec double focus on differences between stubs, mocks, stubs and spies all different things test again discuss doubles. Ensure that the right methods get called on it different ways to implement a mock.. A job for a different kind of test double a testing tool by any other name! Become useful on Rails freelancing practice for Cucumber generate comma... stub called with arguments. Today we will do our best to help you understand them better you each. By more than one ofrspec- ( core|expectations|mocks|rails ) an actual method defined the... On stubbed methods using RSpec tests and acceptance tests the same name as template! I personally hardly ever use mocks or stubs in particular is that the confusion around this concept arises the... Das Gleiche zu sein und ich kann nichts in der Dokumentation finden, Die disambiguiert... Your tests if you invoking each time real implementation of used classes/services are... To keep in mind is the most common questions I see from beginners to testing. ( `` book '' ) allow ( book ) we run the test says expect ( )... Memoized helper method instead of polluting the global namespace with a dummy class like that, already., thank you very much about mocks and stubs ) lied: context is available... Aliases for this method mock and stub from earlier this year - Dummies, mocks, stubs, fakes spies...

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